lisp/lisp.c

#include "lisp.h"

static Scope globalScope = {0};

static Node *scope_lookup(Scopes *scopes, Nob_String_View name) {
    nob_da_foreach(Scope, scope, scopes) {
        nob_da_foreach(ScopeObject, scopeObject, scope) {
            if (nob_sv_eq(name, scopeObject->name)) {
                return &scopeObject->node;
            }
        }
    }

    printf("Undefined symbol: '" SV_Fmt "'!\n", SV_Arg(name));
    return NULL;
}

static void scope_add_function(Scope *scope, const char *name,
                               LispFunction function) {
    Nob_String_View obj_name = nob_sv_from_cstr(name);
    ScopeObject obj = (ScopeObject){
        .name = obj_name,
        .node = (Node){.kind = NODE_KIND_FUNCTION,
                       .as_function = {.name = obj_name, .apply = function}}};
    nob_da_append(scope, obj);
}

static bool node_is_true(Node node) {
    switch (node.kind) {
    case NODE_KIND_NUMBER:
        return node.as_number != 0;
    case NODE_KIND_LIST:
        return node.as_list->count > 0;
    default:
        return true;
    }
}

void build_scopes(Scopes *scopes) {
    // clang-format off
    scope_add_function(&globalScope, "+", lisp_function_add);
    scope_add_function(&globalScope, "-", lisp_function_sub);
    scope_add_function(&globalScope, "/", lisp_function_div);
    scope_add_function(&globalScope, "*", lisp_function_mul);
    scope_add_function(&globalScope, "%", lisp_function_mod);
    scope_add_function(&globalScope, "=", lisp_function_eq);
    scope_add_function(&globalScope, "<", lisp_function_lt);
    scope_add_function(&globalScope, ">", lisp_function_gt);
    scope_add_function(&globalScope, "<=", lisp_function_lt_eq);
    scope_add_function(&globalScope, ">=", lisp_function_gt_eq);

    scope_add_function(&globalScope, "println", lisp_function_println);
    scope_add_function(&globalScope, "list", lisp_function_list);
    scope_add_function(&globalScope, "append", lisp_function_append);
    scope_add_function(&globalScope, "length", lisp_function_length);
    scope_add_function(&globalScope, "null?", lisp_function_isnull);
    scope_add_function(&globalScope, "builtins", lisp_function_builtins);
    // clang-format on

    nob_da_append(scopes, globalScope);
}

const char *token_kind_name(TokenKind kind) {
    switch (kind) {
    case TOKEN_KIND_PAR_LEFT:
        return "PAR_LEFT";
    case TOKEN_KIND_PAR_RIGHT:
        return "PAR_RIGHT";
    case TOKEN_KIND_NUMBER:
        return "NUMBER";
    case TOKEN_KIND_SYMBOL:
        return "SYMBOL";
    default:
        UNREACHABLE("Unknown token type");
    }
}

void node_print(Node node) {
    switch (node.kind) {
    case NODE_KIND_NUMBER: {
        printf("%lld", node.as_number);
    } break;
    case NODE_KIND_SYMBOL: {
        printf(SV_Fmt, SV_Arg(node.as_symbol));
    } break;
    case NODE_KIND_LIST: {
        Nodes *children = node.as_list;
        printf("(");
        for (size_t i = 0; i < children->count; i++) {
            Node node = children->items[i];
            node_print(node);
            if (i != children->count - 1) {
                printf(" ");
            }
        }
        printf(")");
    } break;
    case NODE_KIND_FUNCTION: {
        Nob_String_View func_name = node.as_function.name;
        printf(SV_Fmt, SV_Arg(func_name));
    } break;
    }
}

void tokenize(Nob_String_View content, Tokens *tokens) {
    for (size_t i = 0; i < content.count; i++) {
        char c = content.data[i];

        int kind = -1;
        switch (c) {
        case '(': {
            kind = TOKEN_KIND_PAR_LEFT;
        } break;
        case ')': {
            kind = TOKEN_KIND_PAR_RIGHT;
        } break;
        }

        if (kind != -1) {
            Token tok = (Token){.kind = kind, .data = {0}};
            nob_da_append(tokens, tok);
            continue;
        }

        Nob_String_Builder sb = {0};
        while (isdigit(c)) {
            nob_sb_appendf(&sb, "%c", c);
            c = content.data[++i];
        }

        if (sb.count > 0) {
            i--;

            Token tok =
                (Token){.kind = TOKEN_KIND_NUMBER, .data = nob_sb_to_sv(sb)};
            nob_da_append(tokens, tok);
            continue;
        }

        // symbols shouldn't start with a digit
        bool condition = isascii(c) && !isdigit(c) && !isblank(c) &&
                         !iscntrl(c) && c != '(' && c != ')';
        while (condition) {
            nob_sb_appendf(&sb, "%c", c);
            c = content.data[++i];
            condition = isascii(c) && !isblank(c) && !iscntrl(c) && c != '(' &&
                        c != ')';
        }

        if (sb.count > 0) {
            i--;

            Token tok =
                (Token){.kind = TOKEN_KIND_SYMBOL, .data = nob_sb_to_sv(sb)};
            nob_da_append(tokens, tok);
        }
    }
}

Node *parse(Tokens *tokens) {
    if (tokens->count == 0) {
        printf("unexpected end of input");
        return NULL;
    }

    Token tok = tokens->items[0];
    tokens->items++;
    tokens->count--;

    Node *node = malloc(sizeof(Node));
    if (tok.kind == TOKEN_KIND_PAR_LEFT) {
        Nodes *nodes = malloc(sizeof(Nodes));
        memset(nodes, 0, sizeof(Nodes));

        while (true) {
            if (tokens->count == 0) {
                printf("expected closing ')'");
                return NULL;
            }

            if (tokens->items[0].kind == TOKEN_KIND_PAR_RIGHT) {
                tokens->items++;
                tokens->count--;
                break;
            }

            Node *node = parse(tokens);
            if (node == NULL)
                return NULL;

            nob_da_append(nodes, *node);
        }

        node->kind = NODE_KIND_LIST;
        node->as_list = nodes;
        return node;
    }

    if (tok.kind == TOKEN_KIND_PAR_RIGHT) {
        printf("unexpected ')'");
        return NULL;
    }

    switch (tok.kind) {
    case TOKEN_KIND_NUMBER: {
        long long num = strtoll(tok.data.data, NULL, 10);
        // TODO:
        //      - error checking
        //      - double support

        node->kind = NODE_KIND_NUMBER;
        node->as_number = num;
    } break;
    case TOKEN_KIND_SYMBOL: {
        node->kind = NODE_KIND_SYMBOL;
        node->as_symbol = tok.data;
    } break;
    default: {
        UNREACHABLE("");
    } break;
    }
    return node;
}

Node *eval(Node *node, Scopes *scopes) {
    if (node == NULL || scopes == NULL)
        return NULL;

    switch (node->kind) {
    case NODE_KIND_NUMBER:
        return node;
    case NODE_KIND_SYMBOL: {
        return scope_lookup(scopes, node->as_symbol);
    }
    case NODE_KIND_LIST: {
        Nodes *children = node->as_list;
        if (children->count == 0)
            return node;

        Node *head = &children->items[0];
        if (head->kind != NODE_KIND_SYMBOL)
            return node;

        Nodes *args = malloc(sizeof(Nodes));
        for (size_t i = 1; i < children->count; i++) {
            nob_da_append(args, *eval(&children->items[i], scopes));
        }

        if (nob_sv_eq(head->as_symbol,
                      (Nob_String_View){.count = 2, .data = "if"})) {
            if (args->count != 3) {
                printf("'if' expects three arguments!\n");
                return NULL;
            }
            Node *condition = eval(&args->items[0], scopes);
            return node_is_true(*condition) ? eval(&args->items[1], scopes)
                                            : eval(&args->items[2], scopes);
        } else {
            Node *func_node = eval(head, scopes);
            if (func_node->kind == NODE_KIND_FUNCTION) {
                return func_node->as_function.apply(args, scopes);
            }

            printf("Not a function: '");
            node_print(*func_node);
            printf("'\n");
            return NULL;
        }
    }
    default:
        UNREACHABLE("");
    }
    return NULL;
}